Contingency Leadership Theories and Effective Leadership

Contingency Leadership Theories and Effective Leadership Contingency leadership theories attempt to define leadership style, the situation, and answer the if-then contingencies. Situational leadership theory is a contingency theory that focuses on followers’ readiness: the extent to which people have the ability and willingness to accomplish a specific task. Path-goal theory states that it is the leader’s job to assist followers in attaining their goals and to provide direction or support needed to ensure that their goals are compatible with the organization or group goals. Each theory was developed as a separate model for leaders to determine which leadership style to use in different contexts or situations. However, both models can be†¦show more content†¦That behavior applies to both telling and selling styles in STL. The leader in the telling style defines roles and tells people what, how, when, and where to do various tasks. The leader in the selling style provides both directive and supportive behavior. In path-goal theory, a participative leader consults with group members and uses their suggestions before making a decision. That behavior is very similar to the participating style in STL where the leader and followers share in decision-making and the main role of the leader is facilitating and communicating. The achievement-oriented leader in path-goal theory can apply to all styles of STL. The supportive leader in path-goal theory shows concern for the needs of followers and is friendly, which can also apply to all styles of STL but with less emphasis once a team reaches the delegating style. Followers and Environment Situational leadership theory and path-goal theory both recognize the importance of factors beyond the individual leader that must be considered when developing an effective leadership plan. For a team that has a high ability and considerable experience where they are both willing and able (R4), directive leadership is likely to be perceived as redundant. Therefore, being a supportive leader and using a delegating style will be more effective for a team who does not need a leader to tell them what to do. For a team that hasShow MoreRelatedLeadership Theory Analysis And Application862 Words   |  4 PagesLeadership Theory Analysis and Application There are many different leadership theories that have been proposed, tested, and studied over the years. Many organizations utilize these theories and practices to collect and analyze data within their own organizations which may allow them to find ways of increasing the effectiveness of their company. Although there are not any theories deemed completely perfect in leadership, many have been given lots of validity based on the and studies done involvingRead MoreThe Situational Approach And Contingency Theory1617 Words   |  7 PagesThere are many dissimilar leadership approaches leaders can employ when working toward meeting goals and in situations. But the two approaches, I will be discussing are the situational approach and contingency theory. These two approaches are the same, but yet they are dissimilar. According to Hanks (n.d), â€Å"the situational approach and contingency theory describes how different approaches to leadership can help owners and managers reach their goa ls.† The situational approach was developed in 1969Read MoreThe Contingency Approach : Strategic Leadership And The Implications Of The Main Contingency Models On Different Management1069 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction The contingency approach to leadership is the need for the leaders to be formable in their superior choice of leadership styles based on their situation thus if the leaders first attempt is to influence the group is failed ,the next suggested action will be to adopt a different style of leadership which is more compatible with the situation. Current theories and models of leadership explain the influence of position upon the satisfaction and performance of employees. While dissentingRead MoreLeadership Theories And Concepts Of Leadership1712 Words   |  7 Pagessubject of effective leadership. The review of the literature indicates that there are a number of elements which impact effective leadership. In an organization, when these elements are implemented, they contribute negatively or positively to the delivery of the organizational goals and directives. Subsequently we must first start with analyzing all relative theories and concepts of leadership. Interest in leadership increased during the early part of the twentieth century. Early leadership theoriesRead MoreLeadership Theory : Contingency Theories1235 Words   |  5 PagesLeadership Theory: Contingency Theories It has been determined that there a number of leaders who change their leadership style depending on the situation at hand. For instance, leaders who feel threatened by its followers including persons whom they perceived to be a threat to their assumption of powers tend to become authoritative as a survival tactic. This can be seen in the current world among most leaders across the globe. Contingency theory has been proposed to explain this behavior. This paperRead MoreWhat Makes A Good Leader?1338 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis of Leadership Theories The topic of leadership and what makes a good leader has been studied for many years and has resulted in various leadership theories. Early leadership theories focused on the qualities or characteristic that leaders possessed while subsequent theories considered other variables such as the leader’s behavior and situations. Each theory has its advantages and disadvantages. In this report, I will provide a detailed analysis of the Trait, Contingency, Behavioral andRead MoreLeadership Is An Effective Leader1315 Words   |  6 PagesLeadership is the ability to influence a group toward the achievement of a vision or set of goals. There are many different types of leadership, all with their own appropriate time and place for use. An effective leader can be successful in all settings; it is important to develop a well-rounded skill set to combat different leadership roadblocks. When one thinks of a leader in a business organization, most likely they are thinking of formal leader. Sometimes this type of leader is referred to asRead MoreLeadership Theory : Transformational And Transactional Leadership Theories1137 Words   |  5 Pagesthe course of research, various theories appeared in literature on situational leadership. In some instances, situational leadership is part of a broader theory and vice versa. Related theories include transformational and transactional leadership, contingency theory, path-goal theory, and personality theories. Life Cycle Theory was not included since situational leadership originated from Life Cycle Theory. Transformational and Transactional Leadership Theories According to McCleskey (2014), transformationalRead MoreLEADERSHIP ESSAY985 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ LEADERSHIP ESSAY #1 Julio Bermudez Florida International University Author Note This Paper was prepared for SPC 4445, Communication for Effective Leadership, Fall 2014, taught by Professor Christine Donaldson Abstract On September 11, 2001, James Parker, then CEO of Southwest Airlines, faced a difficult situation when the government ordered them to ground their entire fleet and shut down. Although, all the other U.S. airlines were faced with the same difficult situation, SouthwestRead MoreTransformational Leadership Theory : The Transformational Theory1280 Words   |  6 PagesThe transformational leadership theory was initially introduced by Burns (1978). Burns (1978) observed the characteristics of various leaders. The transformational theory is centered on the links formed amongst leaders and followers. The transformational leadership theory assumes that people will follow a leader who inspires them, and that a leader with a vision and passion can achieve great things. Also, the transformational leadership theory noted that the way leaders get things done is by showing

Value Added Tax And Implementing China Essay - 2371 Words

ACCT 498-Capstone paper Qiming Wang 9/11/2016 Value Added Tax and Implementation in China Introduction As a type of consumption tax, as of January 1 2014, 164 countries employ a Value-added Tax in the world. All Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) members except the United States now applied VAT. According to the research by OECD committee, consumption tax was a large source of tax revenues, and â€Å"the VAT accounted on average for 6.6% of GDP and 19.5% in total tax revenues in OECD countries in 2012,† which was the largest proportion (â€Å"Consumption tax trends 2014†). To become familiar with the performance and importance of the VAT, leaning the meaning and implementation of VAT in a specific country would be a effective way to know why VAT developed rapidly in the worldwide in contemporary society. Brief History of Value Added Tax A value-added tax is a type of consumption tax that is placed on a product whenever value is added at a stage of production and at final sale. The value added tax applies to all economic activities involving the production and distribution of goods and the provision of services. According to European Commission’s definition, Value Added Tax is a general based consumption tax charged on the value added to each stage of goods and services (â€Å"What is VAT?†). The idea of Value-added Tax was introduced by Dr. Wilhelm von Siemens, a German industrialist who proposed the concept of the VAT. The key concept of Von Siemens’s idea wasShow MoreRelatedChin The World s Largest Producer Of Coke816 Words   |  4 PagesCoke Industry China is the world’s largest producer of coke, and there is evidence that China has for the last decade manipulated production and prices. According to the OECD, China’s use of export quotas became more commonplace starting in 2004 and continued for several years. Coke export allocations of 12 million tons in 2008 were cut to 11.9 million tons in 2009, to 9 million tons in 2010 and to 8.4 million tons in 2011. As China rolled out the export quota over these years, it concurrently startedRead More1. Fragmented and differentiated market With the increasing attraction of MNCs to the size and1000 Words   |  4 Pagesof MNCs to the size and growth of the Chinese consumer market, some are inclined to overlook the diversity among the indigenous consumers. The popular misconception of China as a huge market with homogeneous consumers often results in difficulties in evaluating demand and formulating effective marketing strategies. In reality, China is a large geographic area consisting of multiple fragmented markets; segmented by regional economic development and local culture. The Chinese also have diverse culturalRead MoreSugarcane Market Analysis By Jack Phillips Jones985 Words   |  4 Pages0 Executive Summary: Table of Contents 2.0 Industry Analysis: 3.0 Environmental Factors: 3.1 Natural Factors: 3.1.1 Weather: 3.1.2 Soil Erosion: 3.1.3 Pollution: 3.2 Cultural Factors - Australia moving away from sugar 3.3 Political Factors - Sugar Tax 3.4 Media Publics 4.0 Conclusion: 5.0 References:î ¿ ¾  2.0 Industry Analysis: The Sugarcane industry in Australia started in the 19th century Queensland, as one of the biggest industries in Australia according to ACFA (2015). It currently includes variousRead MoreGst: the Challenges Amd so on for Implementation of Gst4681 Words   |  19 Pages 1, Issue 1, 55-64 GOODS AND SERVICES TAX, PROBLEMS AND EFFECTS OF IMPLEMENTATION ABOOD MOHAMMAD SALMEEN ALEBEL INTRODUCTION In taxation, taxpayers are taxed in two forms: whether through direct taxes such as income tax and road tax or through indirect taxes such as the sales tax and the services tax. For direct taxes, taxpayers will definitely realize that they are facing the tax burden since taxpayers are required to declare their income and to pay tax accordingly to the government. However,Read MoreSupply Chain Management1653 Words   |  7 Pagessalespeople, respectively | What was the result of Nike s stumble when implementing i2? Answer d. Nike halted the i2 implementation and instead implemented SAP a. Inventory problems which translated to product shortages, over-ordering, and unnecessary expediting costs, reducing Nike s 2001 3rd quarter sales by $100 million c. Nike s stock dropped by 50% due to its highly publicized problems when implementing i2 ï ¼Ë†Ã¦Å"‰å  ¯Ã¨Æ' ½Ã¯ ¼â€° b. Nike lost key retail customers due to inventory shortagesRead MoreSwot Analysis Of Nike s Marketing Strategy1543 Words   |  7 Pagesdiversification in their overall corporate strategy. The company not only diversifies in its product line but also in acquisitions and supply chain. Product diversification Nike’s first brand was solely focused on footwear. Over the years, Nike has added more product lines for this category by offering running shoes, tennis shoes, and shoes for a variety of other sports, including cricket (http://panmore.com/nike-inc-marketing-mix-4ps-product-place-promotion-price-analysis). Also, the company steadilyRead MoreGlobal Payments, Inc. Has Been In The Merchant Processing1616 Words   |  7 Pagesaround the world. 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Global Payments principal facilities in North America are located in Atlanta, Georgia; Jeffersonville, Indiana; Las Vegas, Nevada; Pleasant Grove, Utah; PrincetonRead MorePolicy Making Processes : China s Exchange Rate Policy1642 Words   |  7 PagesPolicy Making Processes Memorandum for Chinese President Xi Jinping From: International Monetary Fund Executive Director for China Runke Sun Subject: Prevent China’s Exchange Rate Policy from Regulatory Capture China’s exchange rate policy: â€Å"a dirty float† Exchange rate measures the value of one country’s currency through another country’s currency, so it acts a significant role in international trade, by which I mean a wide range term, not only infers import and export trade, but also includesRead MoreTotal Compensation Strategy1105 Words   |  5 Pagescompensation strategy should take into account the following elements and orientation points:  » Fixing a value-based company management  » Coupling with the long-term appreciation of the company’s value  » Market orientation for engaging qualified executives and specialists  » Cost consciousness during conception and implementation  » Taking local conditions into account Strategy and Value Management Commitment and Flexibility Total Compensation Strategy Motivation and Performance Read MoreHistory of Gst in Malaysia3394 Words   |  14 PagesGoods and service tax were first deliberated in 2005 with the intention to introducing it in 1st January 2007. However, it was withdrawn in the following year. In 2009, GST was revived with a proposed rate of 4% to replace current Sales Tax of 10% and Service Tax of 5% in a bid to diversify national revenues. However, the idea of GST still end up floating around as it has now been officially deferred. 2. Concept of GST Goods and Service Tax (GST), also known as Value Added Tax (VAT), is a broad

A Brief Note On The National Mediation Board - 865 Words

Introduction Employees generally seek union representation because they feel their workplace rights from their employer are not being met, or that they have an unfair disadvantage in regards to any needs or workplace desires. They turn to unions to help bridge the gap and ease the power differential that exists between employers and their employees. In order for a group of employees to obtain representation, they must undergo an election process to choose their union or decide if they, as a unit, want a union at all. Here, we will discuss the history of and changes to the manner in which employee votes have been counted to determine an outcome in these elections. 1. Prior to the National Mediation Board’s (NMB) 2010 rule change, what was the primary difference between how election results were counted under the NLRA and the Railway Labor Act (RLA)? For approximately seventy five years the only option an employee had to submit a vote against union representation was to not vote at all. Under the Railway Labor Act, it specifically identifies that â€Å"employees shall have the right to determine who shall be representative of the craft or class† 45 U.S.C $ 152 but does not define that a specific â€Å"no union† choice was available. This was further exemplified by the National Mediation Board who recognized non-voters as representing a no vote and/or being against union representation. Under this pretense and applicable to the ballot which only recognized voting for UnionShow MoreRelatedA Brief Note On The National Mediation Board921 Words   |  4 Pagesif they, as a unit, want a union at all (Cox, Bok, Gorman, Finkin , 2012). Here, we will discuss the history of and changes to the manner in which employee votes have been counted to determine an outcome in these elections. 1. Prior to the National Mediation Board’s (NMB) 2010 rule change, what was the primary difference between how the election results were counted under the NLRA and the Railway Labor Act (RLA)? For approximately seventy five years the only option an employee had to submitRead MoreSocial Welfare Administration10174 Words   |  41 PagesDevelopment Administrative Arrangement for Social Welfare in Tamilnadu Social Welfare based on the Policy Note (Govt of Tamilnadu) Women’s Welfare Programs for Economic Development of Marriage Assistance Programs Women Dr. Muthulakhsmi Reddy Ninaivu Mahapperu Nidhi Uthavi Thittam Institutional Care Partnership with Non-Governmental Organizations Other Schemes for Women Tamilnadu Social Welfare Board Tamilnadu Corporation for Development of Women Tamil Nadu Commission for Women Limited Women RecreationRead MoreKitchen Remodel5809 Words   |  24 Pages * Highly Objective | Weaknesses * Poor Listener * Lack empathy * Rely on advocates to much | Opportunities * Mentor team members * Problem solving * Team building | Threats * Lack of extraordinary people skills * Mediocre mediation skills * Limited scope of knowledge | Communication Style Some of the strengths that were defined by the Speak Strong communication assessment were that I do not overload people with details. I say exactly what I mean and meant exactly whatRead MoreDescribe How to Establish Respectful Professional Relationships with Adults52870 Words   |  212 Pages............................... 114 Appendix II THE FUNDING BODIES Appendix 111 116 MEETINGS ............................................. Appendix IV THE JCT AND THE CCSJC ....................................... 120 Appendix V NOTE BY THE CIC: AN ANALYSIS OF ACTION IN RELATION TO THE RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE â€Å"CROSSING BOUNDARIES ’ REPORT (At 15 April 1994) 1 .............................................. 123 Appendix VI TEXT OF THE ClPS PROPOSAL FOR â€Å"Construction Sourcing† Read MorePerformance Management in a Human Resources Framework5375 Words   |  22 Pagestechniques without much internal cohesion†¦ a hodge podge† (p.6). Several authors (McGraw, 1997; Rudman, 2002) compare the differences between PM and HRM, largely with PM directed at the needs of employees and focused on solving day-to-day problems and mediation, as opposed with HRM primarily directed at the needs of management. McGraw (1997) lists twenty-seven points of difference between PM and HRM across four dimensions: beliefs and assumptions; strategic aspects; line management and key levers (p.20)Read MoreAnti-Bullying Prevention Proposal6403 Words   |  26 Pages †¢ One school guidance counselor will act as the facilitator for the anti-bullying program. Major responsibilities will include providing mediation between the student body, parents of students, and school administration. †¢ The assistant principal of student support will act as the point of contact between school administration, the district board of education, and the superintendent of the district. †¢ Three (3) teacher representatives; preferably from the sociology, psychology, and/orRead MorePlachimada Case Study13995 Words   |  56 PagesAnalysis of the Act V. CONCLUSION INTRODUCTION Plachimada is often cited as a prime example of corporate aggression over natural resources and the consequent denial of the rights of the people. It has also been portrayed as the fight against a multi national corporation by a small section of the local population in order to protect basic human rights, such as the right to drinking water and the right to livelihood. What happened in Plachimada is often raised in discussions about the state’s actual recordRead MoreEth 321 Entire Course / Ethical and Legal Topics in Business6122 Words   |  25 Pagesexample National Labor Relations Board (NLRB), Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), Federal Communications Commission (FCC), Social Security Administration (SSA), Federal Trade Commission (FTC), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), or Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). Explain the role and function of each agency in a 6- to 9-slide Microsoft ®PowerPoint ®presentation with detailed speaker notes IncludeRead MoreEssay on Eth 321 Entire Course / Ethical and Legal Topics in Business6110 Words   |  25 Pagesexample National Labor Relations Board (NLRB), Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), Federal Communications Commission (FCC), Social Security Administration (SSA), Federal Trade Commission (FTC), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), or Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). Explain the role and function of each agency in a 6- to 9-slide Microsoft ®PowerPoint ®presentation with detailed speaker notes IncludeRead MoreASSESSING LEARNERS IN LIFELONG LEARNING7015 Words   |  29 Pagesbasic principles or the acronym AVRFI. Authenticity: All assessment activity must have in place processes to ensure that the achievement is the learner’s/ candidate’s own work. Learners/ candidates must sign a statement to this effect. Awarding Bodies boards have their own rules and regulations about authenticity and tutors/ assessors must make themselves familiar with them and abide by them. Validity: The method of assessment and the evidence provided must be appropriate and capable of demonstrating

Clinica Romero Essay Example For Students

Clinica Romero Essay Named after the martyred Salvadoran archbishop and dedicated to the people thathe also served, Clinica Romero is a free clinic offering no-questions-asked,pay-whatever-you-can medical and dental services and prescriptions to everyonewho comes to its door. The clean and bright facility is located in the basementof the Royal University of Americas Oriental Medical Center, Straightforward inits operation, Clinica Romero originally offered all its medical servicesthrough volunteer physicians, although access to some grant money recently hasmade it possible to hire a half-time physician, and Margaret Martinez is workingon a creative plan to pay part of the salary of a supervisor from the Universityof Southern California Medical School, who would work on the clinics site tooversee a cadre of interns and medical residents whod help provide medicalservices there. Meanwhile, however, it efficiently delivers medical services sixdays a week (including two evening sessions) with a group of about 15 localphysicians who volunteer their services on a rotating basis. In a series ofrelated programs driven by project-specific funding, Clinica Romero alsoprovides health education (particularly AIDS/HIV), and an alcohol anddrug-prevention program that includes a community-organizing component aimed atensuring that the neighborhoods 456 (!) liquor stores and bars dont flout thelaws regarding loitering and sales to minors. With a staff of 23 and a $1million annual budget, Clinica Romero faces a rising tide of patients, with thenumbers served increasing from 3,500 three years ago to an expected 11,000 thisyear. With welfare reform denying Medicaid to many legal immigrants,these numbers arent likely to decrease. Health Care